Türkiye a été situé entre les latitudes
30° 00 ' 00 ' ' - 40° 00 ' 00 ' ' et longitudes 20° 00 ' 00 ' ' - 40° 00 ' 00 ' ' dans le continent
d'Eurasia. Il a un grand appearance typique de péninsule et a été entouré par les
trois masses importantes de l'eau: La Mer Noire de la partie nord, de la mer Égée de la
partie occidentale et du méditerranéen oriental de la partie méridionale. En plus de
ces derniers, la mer de Marmara entre avec a formé une zone de transition la Mer Noire et
la mer Égée le bosphorus et
les dardanelles. Bien qu'elle ait une ligne de rivage de 8334 kilomètres, le plateau
continental est très long et la profondeur atteignent rarement 1500 mètres dans
seulement les eaux internationales et ainsi les mers montrent principalement le caractère
neritic.
Dans Türkiye, comme d'autres pays méditerranéens, un climat méditerranéen typique
règne et la précipitation maximum se produit entre November-March.
Les premières tentatives surplanktological recherche dans Türkiye ont été tenues
après 1935 à l'université İstanbul avec les supports scientifiques de quelques
scientifiques immigrés de l'Europe pendant la deuxième guerre mondiale. En années
suivantes, Ankara et universités d'Ege ont adhéré à ce groupe avec leurs services de
biologie. Par plusieurs des études sur le planktology marin ont été réalisés Ege et
les universités İstanbul. D'en même temps, des eaux intérieures principalement
étaient étudiées par les scientifiques Ege et universités d'Ankara. En plus des
services de biologie, l'université İstanbul, le corps enseignant de la Science,
l'institut de recherche de recherche d'hydrobiologie et l'université d'Ege, corps
enseignant de la Science, service biologique d'Oceanograpy ont été organisés en années
suivantes. Malheureusement, ces organismes étaient de courte durée.
Le phytoplancton recherche ont lieu maintenant en ses années de l'adolescence dans
Türkiye. Le premier papier sur le phytoplancton marin était apparu le plus probablement
dans un journal turc de l'hydrobiologie sur ' les marées rouges en 1955. L'auteur de
l'article était Wilhelm Nümann par biologiste allemand. Aucune référence ultérieure
n'apparaît dans la copie jusqu'en 1960 où nous revoyons ' les marées rouges au titre
d'un papier. Cette fois les auteurs étaient les scientifiques turcs Altan Acara et U.
Nalbantoğlu. Cependant, bien que ces articles de deux premiers ministres aient
récapitulé un de l'événement le plus important concernant par la succession de
phytoplancton en mer Égée, ils étaient généraux et des genres et les noms
responsables d'espèce n'ont pas été mentionnés. Depuis 1967 une série de
publications sur le phytoplancton et le protozooplankton a été dans la copie pour la mer
Égée, méditerranéen, la mer de Marmara et la Mer Noire par différentes équipes de
recherche.
NÜMANN, W. (1955): İzmir Körfezinde
'balık kırılması' hadisesi, Hidrobiyoloji Mec., 3A, 2, 90-93.
ACARA, A., NALBANTOĞLU, U. (1960): Preliminary report on the red-tide outbreak in
the Gulf of Izmir, Rapp. P. -v. Reun. Commn. int. Explor. Scient. Mer. Mèdit., 15, 3,
33-38.
ERGEN, Z. (1967): The main planktonic organisms found in the bay of Izmir, E.Ü.
Fen Fak. İlmi Rap. Ser., 47, 1-27.
GELDİAY, R., ERGEN, Z. (1968): Athecate marine dinoflagellates living in our
region, Balık ve Balıkçılık, 6, 16, 1-7.
ÜNSAL, İ. (1970): İskenderun Körfezinden bir kaç diatome türü, Hidrobiyoloji
Yay., Seri B, 6, 3-4.
GÖKALP, N. (1972): A study of plankton conditions of Edremit, Bodrum and
İskenderun Gulfs, İ. Ü. Fen Fak. Hidrobioloji Ens. Yay., 3, 1-71.
ÖBER, A. (1972): The investigation of Genus Ceratium regarding qualitative
and quantitative analyses in Izmir Bay, E.Ü. Fen Fak. İlmi Rap. Ser., 129, 1-121.
GELDİAY, R., UYSAL, H. (1978): A report on the primary productivity in
the bay of Izmir. E.U.F.F. Journal, Ser. B, 1(2): 1-24.
KORAY, T., GÖKPINAR, S. (1983): The qualitative and quantitative features of the
Genus Ceratium Schrank found in Izmir. (in turkish). E.U.F.F. Journal, Ser. B,
Suppl., 201-219.
GÖKPINAR, S., KORAY, T. (1983): Observations on Rhizosolenia(Ehrenberg)
Brightwell species living in Izmir Bay. (in turkish). E.U.F.F. Journal, Ser. B, Suppl.,
201-219.
KORAY, T. ÖZEL, I. (1983): Species of the Sub-Order Tintinnoinea in Izmir
Bay. (in turkish). E.U.F.F. Journal, Ser. B, Suppl. 220-244.
KORAY, T., ÖZEL, I. (1983): Species of the Sub-order Tintinnoinea in Izmir
Bay and their salinity and temperature dependent distribution. Rapp. Comm. int. Mer.
Medit., 28(9):123-124.
BÜYÜKIŞIK, B., KORAY, T. (1984): The causes and consequences of oxygen
utilization caused by extremely high biological activity in Izmir Bay. V. Turk-Alman Cevre
Muh. Sempozyumu, Izmir, 11-16 Haziran 1984, Bildiriler, E13-E15.
KORAY, T. (1984): The occurrence of red-tides and causative organisms in Izmir Bay.
E.U.F.F. Journal, Ser. B, 1(6):75-83.
KOCATAŞ, A., ERGEN, Z., MATER, S., ÖZEL, İ., KATAĞAN, T., KORAY, T., BÜYÜKIŞIK,
B., (1984): Les effets de le pollution sur les ecosystemes benthiques et pelagiques
dans le Golfe d'Izmir. Rapp. Comm. int. Mer. Medit., 689-698.
KOCATAŞ, A., ERGEN, E., KATAĞAN, T., KORAY, T., BÜYÜKIŞIK, B., MATER, S., ÖZEL,
İ., UÇAL, O., ÖNEN, M. (1986): Etude comparative particularities physico-chimiques
et biologiques dans deux baies, Pollue et non-pollue du Golfe d'Izmir. Rapp. Comm. int.
Mer. Medit., 30, 2.
KORAY, T., BÜYÜKIŞIK, B. (1986): Linear approximations on determinations of
physico-chemical conditions negatively affecting the community structure of planktonic
organisms by cause of pollution in Izmir Bay. Cevre '86 Sempozyumu, İzmir, 2-5 Haziran
1986, Bildiriler, 1-10.
BENLİ, H. A. (1987): Investigation of plankton distribution in the
southern Black Sea and its effects on particle flux. Mitt. Geol.-Palaont. Inst. Univ. of
Hamburg, 62:77-88.
KORAY, T. (1987): Comparison of diversity indices for determination of variations
in phytoplankton communities. (in turkish). Doga, TU Muh. ve Cev. D., 11(2):242-253.
KORAY, T. (1987): One-celled microplankton species in Izmir Bay (Aegean Sea): A
species list and a comparison with the records of adjacent regions. Doga, TU J. Biol.,
11(3):130-146.
KORAY, T. (1987): The importance of diversity indices in terms of phytoplankton
community changes depending on pollution. (in turkish). VIII. Ulusal Biyoloji Kongresi,
Izmir, 3-5 Eylul 1986, Bildiriler, Cilt 2, 520-527.
KORAY, T., BÜYÜKIŞIK, B. (1987): The relations between planktonic species
diversity and physico-chemical parameters in a polluted area (Izmir inner bay). (in
turkish). Cevre '87 Sempozyumu, Izmir, 26-28 Ekim 1987, Bildiriler, 1-10.
KOCATAŞ, A., ERGEN, Z., MATER, S., ÖZEL, İ., KATAĞAN, T., KORAY, T., ÖNEN, M.,
KAYA, M. (1987): Marine Fauna. In: Biological diversity in Turkey, Onder Matbaasi,
Ankara, Turkey, 141-161.
KORAY, T. (1988): A multiple regression model to determine abundance of diatoms in
a polluted area (Izmir Bay, Aegean Sea). Rapp. Comm. int. Mer Medit., 31, 2.
KORAY, T., BÜYÜKIŞIK, B. (1988): Toxic dinoflagellate blooms in the harbour
region of İzmir Bay (Aegean Sea). Rev. Int. Oceanogr. M‚d., 141-142:25-43.
KİDEYS, A.E., GÜCÜ, A.C., BİNGEL, F., ÜNSAL, M. (1988): Annual variations in
the phytoplankton populations of the northern cilician basin, Rapp. Comm. int. Mer Medit.,
31,2.
KORAY, T. (1988): Symbiotic associations in microplankton of Izmir Bay (Aegean Sea)
and their pollution dependent distributions. (in turkish). Doga, TU Biyol., 12(1):46-52.
KORAY, T. (1988): A Catastrophy: Red-tide. (in turkish). Bilim ve Teknik, 21(253):
9-14.
UYSAL, Z., ÜNSAL, M., BİNGEL, F. (1988): Fate and distribution of phytoplankton
in the sea of Marmara, Rapp. Comm. int. Mer Medit., 31, 2, 221.
KIDEYŞ, A.E., ÜNSAL, M., BİNGEL, F. (1989): Seasonal changes in net
phytoplankton of Erdemli, north-eastern Mediterranean. Doğa Tr. J. Botany, 13(1): 45-54.
TUNCER, S., FEVZİOĞLU, A. M. (1989): Distribution of phytoplankton
population of the Eastern Black Sea. Sec. Int. Coll. Med. Coast and Env. Protection.
73-74.
KORAY, T. (1990): The effects of the pollution on the planktonic community. Dokuz
Eylul Universitesi, Deniz Bilimleri ve Teknolojisi Enstitusu, "Izmir Korfezinin Dunu,
Bugunu, Yarini Sempozyumu", 22-23 Kasım 1990, Izmir.
KORAY, T., BÜYÜKIŞIK, B., GÖKPINAR, Ş. (1990): Factors controlling secondary
productivity (level 1 and 2) of polluted temperate coastal waters (Izmir Bay, Aegean Sea):
a multivariate model. Rapp. Comm. int. Mer Medit., 32, 1, 129.
KORAY, T. (1990): Planktonik protista associated with "color-tides" in
Izmir Bay (Aegean Sea). Rapp. Comm. int. Mer Medit.,32, 1, 212.
KORAY, T. (1990): Factors effecting diatom abundance in a polluted area (Izmir Bay,
Aegean Sea): A multiple regression model. International Journal of Thalassographica,
Suppl. 1, 27-32.
KARAÇAM, H., DÜZGÜNEŞ, E. (1990): Trabzon sahil şeridi fitoplanktonu
üzerine bir araştırma. İ.Ü. Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 4(1):95-102.
TUNÇER, S., FEYZİOĞLU, M. (1990): Investigation of plankton
populations in the harbours of Trabzon and Şana. (in turkish). X. Ulusal Biyoloji
Kongresi 18-20 Temmuz 1990, Erzurum. 1-9.
KORAY, T. (1992): Noxious blooms in the Bay of Izmir, Aegean Sea, UNESCO, IOC
Newsletter on Toxic Algae and Algal Blooms, Suppl. to ims Newsletter, No.63, 2, 1-2.
KORAY, T., BÜYÜKIŞIK, B., BENLİ, H. A., GÖKPINAR, Ş. (1992): Phytoplankton
blooming and zooplankton swarms in eutrophied zones of Aegean Sea (Izmir Bay). Rapp. Comm.
int. Mer Medit., 33, 257a.
KORAY, T., BÜYÜKIŞIK, B. (1992): Temperature, light and nutrient based model on
spring primary production for heavily eutrophied subtropical coastal waters (Izmir Bay,
Aegean Sea). Rapp. Comm. int. Mer Medit.,33, 257b.
KORAY, T., BÜYÜKIŞIK, B., PARLAK, H., GÖKPINAR, Ş. (1992): Unicellular
organisms effecting sea water quality in the bay of Izmir: red-tides and other bloomings.
(in turkish). Doga Dergisi. 16: 135-157.
KORAY, T. (1992):The toxic red-tides events in Izmir Bay and their importance in
term of the public health. (in turkish). Cevre Bull. 3: 13-15.
KOCATAŞ, A., KORAY, T., KAYA, M., KARA, Ö. F. (1992): Review of the Fishery
Resources and Their Environment in the Sea of Marmara. FAO Reviews, Italy.
BÜYÜKIŞIK, B., KORAY, T., PARLAK, H.(1994): The primary productivity of Izmir
Bay in the red-tide season. (in turkish). E. U. Fen Fak. Dergisi, Seri B, Ek 16/1,
1161-1167.
PARLAK, H., BÜYÜKIŞIK, B., KORAY, T.(1994): Plankton blooms occurred in Izmir
Bay and their relations with the concentrations of Cu, Fe and Zn in sea water. (in
turkish). E. U. Fen Fak. Dergisi, Seri B, Ek 16/1, 197-206.
KORAY, T. (1994): The nuisance bloom algae in aquatic ecosystems and monitoring
strategies. (in turkish). E. U. Fen Fak. Dergisi, Seri B, Ek 16/1, 329-242.
KORAY, T., BENLİ, H. A., SEVER, T. M. (1994): A study on the
phytoplankton and protozooplankton species composition of the bay of Gökova (Aegean Sea).
(in turkish). Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 42-43-44(11): 9-16.
KORAY, T., KESİCİ, U. Y. (1994): Phytoplankton and protozooplankton
species composition of the bay of Bodrum (Aegean Sea). (in turkish).E. U. Fen Fak.
Dergisi, Seri B, Ek 16/1, 971-980.
FEVZİOĞLU, A. M., TUNCER, S. (1994): Seasonal changes at the net
phytoplankton living Trabzon coast of the eastern Black Sea. (in turkish). Tr. J. of
Biol., 18:161-171.
YILMAZ, A., EDİGER, D., BAŞTÜRK, O, TUĞRUL, S. (1994): Phytoplankton
fluorescence and deep chlorophyll maxima in the northeastern Mediterranean. Ocea. Acta,
17(1):69-77.
KORAY, T.(1995): Phytoplankton species succession, diversity and nutrients in
neritic waters of the Aegean Sea (Bay of Izmir). Tr. J. of Botany. 19:531-544.
UYSAL, Z., SUR, H. İ. (1995): Net plankton discriminating patches along
the southern Black Sea coast in Winter 1990. Oceanologica Acta, 18, 6 639-647.
SOROKIN, Y. U., TARKAN, A. N., ÖZTÜRK, B., ALBAY, M. (1995): Primary
production, bacterioplankton and planktonic protozoa in the Marmara Sea. Turkish Journal
of Marine Sciences, 1(1): 37-56.
BÜYÜKIŞIK, B. (1995): Growth kinetics and limiting factors on Thalassiosira
gravida Cleve (Bacillariophyceae) in the bay of Izmir (Aegean Sea). Su
Ürünleri Dergisi 12(1-2): 53-60.
FEVZİOĞLU, M., DÜZGÜNEŞ, E. (1996): Seasonal dynamics of Ceratium
(Dinophyceae) species in eastern Black Sea. XIII. Ulusal Biyoloji Kongresi
Tebliğleri. 416-424.
KORAY, T., BÜYÜKIŞIK, B., PARLAK, H., GÖKPINAR,Ş. (1996): Eutrophication
processes and algal blooms (red-tides) in Izmir Bay. UNEP. MAP Technical Reports Series
No. 104. 1-26.
OĞUZ, T., DUCKLOW, H., MALONETTE-RIZZOLI, P., TUĞRUL, S., NEZLİN, N. P.,
ÜNLÜATA, Ü. (1996): Simulation of annual plankton productivity cycle in the
Black Sea by a one dimensional physical biological model. J. Geophy. Res., 101(C7):
16585-16599.
UYSAL, Z., ÜNSAL, M. (1996): Spatial distribution of net diatoms along adjacent
water masses of different origin. Tr. J. of Botany, 20:519-525.
BİZSEL, N., ÖZTÜRK, M., METİN, G. (1997): The role of iron on the
phytoplankton growth in heavily polluted Izmir Bay. in: The Proceedings of Fourth
International Conference on Water Pollution (Eds.: R. RAJAR, C. A. BREBBİA). 659-669.
KORAY, T., KOCATAŞ, A. (1997): The determination of the polluted zones with
multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) analysis through using of the planktonic species
abundances. (in turkish). Türkiye Kıyıları 97, I. Ulusal Konferansı, 24-27 Haziran
1997, Ankara. Bildiriler Kitabı, 475-484.
ÖLÇÜM, R., GÖKPINAR, Ş. (1997): Local and seasonal variations of
cell volumes of some diatom species in the bay of Izmir. Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 14(1-2):
37-46
BÜYÜKIŞIK, B., GÖKPINAR, Ş., PARLAK, H.(1997): Ecological modelling of
Izmir Bay. Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 14(1-2): 71-91
FEVZİOĞLU, M., BORAN, M. (1997): A study on Pyramimonas orientalis
(Butcher, 1959) (Chlorophyta: Chlorodendrales) bloom at vicinity of Çamburnu. (in
turkish). Tr. J. of Biology, 21:49-54.
SİVRİ, N., FEVZİOĞLU, M., ERUZ, C. (1998): Seasonal and relationship
between suspended matter and chlorophyll-a around discharge area of Solakli River,
South-Eastern Black Sea. in: The Proceedings of the First International Symposium
on Fisheries and Ecology. 549-553.
UYSAL, Z., KIDEYŞ, A. E., SENICHKINA, L., GEORGIEVA, L., ALTUKHOV, D., KUZMENKO,
L., MANJOS, L., MUTLU, E., EKER, E. (1998): Phytoplankton patches formed along
the southern Black Sea coast in spring and summer 1996. L. I. IVANOV and T. OGUZ (eds.),
Ecosystem Modelling as a Management Tool for the Black Sea. Vol. 1:151-162. Kluver
Academic Publishers. Printed in Netherlands.
YILDIRIM, İ., GÖKPINAR, Ş. (1998): Diatom analysis used for events of
death in drowning. (in Turkish). Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 15(3-4):339-342.
ALPASLAN, M., KORAY, T., ÇOLAK, F. (1999): Physico-chemical
conditions and phytoplankton succession in the Çardak lagoon (The Dardanelles, Sea of
Marmara). (in Turkish). Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 16(1-2):75-83.
TÜRKOĞLU, M. (1999): Some fluctations in phytoplankton community
structures of the Black Sea. Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 16(1-2):201-217.
METIN, G., CIRIK, S. (1999): Quantitative changes in phytoplankton
of Izmir Bay. (in Turkish). Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 16(3-4):363-374.
KORAY, T., GOKPINAR, S., YURGA, L.
(1999): The effects of the pollution on the distribution of microplankton in the bay of
Izmir (Aegean Sea). (in Turkish). Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 16(3-4):421-431.
EKER, E., GEORGIEVA, L., SENICHKINA, L., KIDEYS, A. E. (1999):
Phytoplankton distribution in the western and eastern Black Sea in spring and autumn 1995.
ICES Journal of Marine Science, 56 Supplement: 15-22.
TURKOGLU, M., KORAY, T. (2000): Ecological and geographical
distributions of the planktonic protista in the southern parts of the Black Sea (neritic
waters of Sinop peninsula, Türkiye). Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 17(1-2):161-178.
POLAT, S., SARIHAN, E., KORAY, T. (2000): Seasonal changes in the
phytoplankton of the northeastern Mediterranean (Bay of İskenderun). Turk J. Bot.,
24(1):1-12.
EKER, E., KIDEYŞ, A. E. (2000): Weekly variations in phytoplankton
structure of a harbour in Mersin Bay (northeastern Mediterranean). Turk J. Bot.,
24(1):13-24.
BALKIS, N. (2000): Five dinoflagellate species new to Turkish seas.
Oebalia 26, 97-108.
SAYDAM, A. C., SENYUVA, H. Z., POLAT, I. (2000): The relationship between
algal bloomings and Sahara dust. (in Turkish). 1. Ulusal Deniz Bilimleri Konferansı,
Bildiriler ve Poster Özetleri, Z. UYSAL. ve I. SALIHOGLU (eds.), 21-25.
POLAT-BEKEN, S. C., OKUŞ, E., ALTIOK, H., YUKSEK, A., KIRATLI, N.
(2000): Investigation of Marmara Sea Black Sea Interaction with time-series data
(1997-1998). (in Turkish). 1. Ulusal Deniz Bilimleri Konferansı, Bildiriler ve Poster
Özetleri, Z. UYSAL. ve I. SALIHOGLU (eds.), 42-46.
UYSAL, Z. (2000): Chroococcoid cyanobacteria Synechococcus spp. in the
Black Sea: pigments, size, distribution, growth and diurnal variability. (in Turkish). 1.
Ulusal Deniz Bilimleri Konferansı, Bildiriler ve Poster Özetleri, Z. UYSAL. ve I.
SALIHOGLU (eds.), 80-85.
YILMAZ, A., YAYLA, M. K., COBAN-YILDIZ, Y. (2000): Planktonic primary
productivity in Black Sea: light adaptation and growth mechanisms in the production. (in
Turkish). 1. Ulusal Deniz Bilimleri Konferansı, Bildiriler ve Poster Özetleri, Z. UYSAL.
ve I. SALIHOGLU (eds.), 115-120.
FEYZIOGLU, M. A., BORAN, M., SIVRI, N. (2000): The effects of
environmental factors on the winter bloom of Scripsiella trochoidea (Dinophyceae)
in the bay of Surmene. (in Turkish). 1. Ulusal Deniz Bilimleri Konferansı, Bildiriler ve
Poster Özetleri, Z. UYSAL. ve I. SALIHOGLU (eds.), 121-125.
EKER, E., GEORGIEVA, L., SENICHKINA, L., KIDEYS, A. E. (2000): Micro- and
nano-phytoplankton distribution in the western and eastern Black Sea in spring and autumn
1995. (in Turkish). 1. Ulusal Deniz Bilimleri Konferansı, Bildiriler ve Poster Özetleri,
Z. UYSAL. ve I. SALIHOGLU (eds.), 132-137.
CIHANGIR, B., ONEN, M., KOCATAS, A., ERGEN, Z., MATER,
S., KORAY, T., KATAGAN, T., OZEL, I., DEMIRKURT, E., TIRASIN, E. M., UNLUOGLU, A., CINAR,
M. E., COLAK, F., COKER, T., OZTURK, B., DOGAN, A. (2001): Some biological
properties of Izmir Bay. Workshop on the role of the physical, chemical and biological
processes im marine ecosystems, ECOSYSTEM '99, Piri Reis Science Series, No.2, O. USLU, M.
OZERLER and E. SAYIN (eds), 19-48.